There are many ways to make paper cutting and techniques may also vary depending on whether you use scissors or knives. However, several basic techniques are universal.
1. Folding
Fold the paper once to create simple symmetry or fold multiple times for more complex repetition.
2. Negative space cutting
The object/motif is depicted in parts that have been cut away.
3. Positive space cutting
By cutting away the unwanted parts of the paper, the object/motif is revealed within the paper that’s left.
4. Black and white outlining
The simultaneous use of both negative space and positive space cutting techniques.
Source: Zhang, Daoyi. The Art of Chinese Papercuts. Beijing, China: Foreign Language Press, 1989.